The BMW M10 is a SOHC inline-4 petrol engine which was produced by BMW from 1962-1988. It was the company's first four-cylinder engine since the BMW 309 ended production in 1936 and was introduced in the New Class sedans.
The M10 was used in many BMW models, with over 3.5 million being produced during its 26 year production run.
The turbocharged BMW M12 engine— used in the Formula One racing— was based on the M10 engine block and produced up to 1,400 PS (1,030 kW) in qualifying trim.
Following the introduction of the BMW M40 engine in 1987, the M10 began to be phased out.
Baron Alex von Falkenhausen— an engineer and racing driver— designed the M10 . In the late 1950s, he was asked to design an engine with a displacement of 1.3 L (79 cu in), however he felt that this would be insufficient for the company's future needs. Therefore, he convinced BMW that the capacity should be 1.5 L (92 cu in) instead and he designed a block that could be expanded to 2.0 L (122 cu in) in the future.
The M10 has a cast iron block and an aluminum alloy head with hemispherical combustion chambers and two valves per cylinder. It features a forged crankshaft, counterbalance weights, five main bearings and a chain-driven camshaft.
The initial version of the M10 had a bore of 82 mm (3.2 in) and a stroke of 71 mm (2.8 in), resulting in a displacement of 1,499 cc (91.5 cu in). The peak power rating was 59 kW (80 PS; 79 hp).
The engine was initially known as the "M115" (the last two digits representing the 1.5–litre capacity). Over the years, variants of the engine were given various codes (most of them starting with "M1" and the remaining digits relating to the capacity). In 1975, the engine became known as then "M10", then in 1980 it was given the standardised BMW engine code of M10B18 (where "M10" represents the series, B represents petrol (Benzin in German) and the "18" represented its then 1.8–litre capacity).
The M115 and all related engines have become retroactively known as the "M10" family.
The M115 version has a displacement of 1,499 cc (91.5 cu in) and produces 55–60 kW (75–82 PS; 74–80 hp). It has a bore of 82 mm (3.2 in) and a stroke of 71 mm (2.8 in). Lower power models have a compression ratio of 8.0:1, while higher power models have a compressions ratio of 8.8:1. Fuel is supplied via a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor.
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The M116 version has a displacement of 1,573 cc (96.0 cu in) and produces 63–77 kW (86–105 PS; 84–103 hp). It has a bore of 84 mm (3.3 in) and a stroke of 71 mm (2.8 in). The standard specification has a compression ratio of 8.6:1 and uses a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor. The 1600 ti version has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses twin Solex 40 PHH carburettors.
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The M41 version produces 66 kW (90 PS; 89 hp), has an 8.3:1 compression ratio and fuel is supplied by a Solex 32 DIDTA carburettor.
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The M98 version produces 55 kW (75 PS; 74 hp), has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses a Pierburg 1B2 carburettor.
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The M10B18 version produces 66–77 kW (90–105 PS; 89–104 hp), depending on specification. The bore is 89 mm (3.5 in) and the stroke is 71 mm (2.8 in).
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The M118 version has a displacement of 1,773 cc (108.2 cu in) and produces 66–96 kW (90–130 PS; 89–128 hp), depending on specification. The bore is 84 mm (3.3 in) and the stroke is 80 mm (3.1 in).
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The M05 version has a displacement of 1,990 cc (121.4 cu in) and produces 74–88 kW (100–120 PS; 99–118 hp), depending on specification. It has a bore of 89 mm (3.5 in) and a stroke of 80 mm (3.1 in).
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The M15 version used the Kugelfischer mechanical fuel injection and produced 96 kW (130 PS; 128 hp). It was also known as the tii engine.
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The M17 version produces 85 kW (115 PS). It has compression ratio of 9.0:1 and uses either a Stromberg 175 CDET or a Solex 4A1 carburettor.
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The M43/1 version has a compression ratio of 8.1:1 and produces 81 kW (110 PS; 109 hp).
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The M64 version produces 92 kW (125 PS). It has a compression ratio of 9.3:1 and uses Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection.
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The M31 version uses a KKK BLD turbocharger operating @ 7psi and produces 125 kW (170 PS). It has a compression ratio of 6.9:1 and uses Schafer PL 04 mechanical fuel injection.
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